ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) and ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) are related terms, but they refer to slightly different diagnostic categories. These terms have evolved over time as the understanding of attention-related disorders has grown. In the most recent diagnostic criteria, ADHD is the preferred term, and ADD is no longer used as a distinct diagnosis. Here’s the difference between the two:
ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder):
ADHD is the broader and more contemporary term used to describe attention-related disorders. It encompasses two main subtypes:
Inattentive Presentation: This is what was formerly known as ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Individuals with this subtype primarily struggle with attention, focus, and organisation. They might appear spacey, forgetful, and disorganised.
Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: This subtype includes symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity, along with attention difficulties. People with this presentation may be fidgety, restless, and have trouble controlling impulses.
Combined Presentation: Some individuals exhibit symptoms from both the inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive subtypes.
ADHD is diagnosed based on the presence of a specific number of symptoms from these categories and the impact these symptoms have on a person’s daily life.
ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder):
Historically, ADD was used to describe individuals with primarily inattentive symptoms without the hyperactivity component. In the past, ADD and ADHD were considered separate diagnoses. However, in the current diagnostic criteria (September 2021), these individuals would be diagnosed with the “Inattentive Presentation” subtype of ADHD. The term “ADD” is no longer used as a distinct diagnosis in contemporary psychiatric and psychological practice.
In summary, ADHD is the umbrella term that includes various presentations, with “Inattentive Presentation” representing what was once referred to as ADD. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms related to attention and focus, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and diagnosis. Diagnosis and treatment can be tailored to address the specific symptoms and challenges that an individual is facing. Please see my other blog on ADHD in women/girls.